Payame Noor University (PNU) Control and Optimization in Applied Mathematics 2383-3130 11 2 2026 05 21 Exploration of Physics Informed Neural Network for Solving Optimal Tracking Control Problems 1 19 12574 10.30473/coam.2025.75192.1322 EN Fidelis Nofertinus Zai Department of Mathematics, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia Rian Kurnia Department of Data Science, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung, 35365, Indonesia Juan Prihanda Nainggolan Department of Mathematics, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia Journal Article 2025 07 18 In this study, we examine solutions to Optimal Tracking Control (OTC) problems for both Linear Quadratic (LQ) and nonlinear systems. Classical approaches to OTC rely on formulating and solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation, which typically requires numerical solutions of the state, co-state, and stationary equations using the forward-backward method. Such methods often involve intricate mathematical analysis and substantial computational effort. To address these challenges, we explored the use of Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINN) as an alternative framework for solving OTC problems. The PINN approach is implemented by constructing a problem-specific loss function that directly incorporates the governing dynamics and control objectives. This method is comparatively simpler and more flexible to implement. The performance of PINNs is evaluated through quantitative error analysis and benchmarked against the classical Runge-Kutta (RK) method. A detailed comparison is presented using tabulated error metrics and time-domain plots of absolute errors. Numerical results demonstrate that PINNs achieve lower approximation errors than Runge-Kutta method for both LQ and nonlinear tracking problems, indicating their effectiveness as a viable alternative solution strategy for OTC problems.  https://mathco.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_12574_18729369d4371cda245c8c247f044dd3.pdf